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Aquaculture is an essential source of proteins for many developing countries. There, it is true that much of the industry is poorly regulated. But even here, environmental concerns about fish farming need to be put in context. For example, in less developed countries, such as Thailand and Vietnam, it is well known that shrimp aquaculture is exceptionally destructive to mangrove forests, which are essential for healthy populations of many wild fish. What is less well advertised is that, whereas 55-60% of mangroves have been lost globally, conversions to shrimp farms probably account for less than 10% of this loss. The rest is down to factors such as rice production, grazing, urban development, fuel, construction materials and tourism—all of which inspire less outrage. And shrimp aquaculture, if undertaken responsibly, is arguably a better use of the land than these other options. It is a compact and efficient way of producing a highly nutritious form of food, and an important way to alleviate poverty.       

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